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  • [Mar-2026 Newly Released] Pass GAFRB Exam – Real Questions & Answers [Q63-Q78]

[Mar-2026 Newly Released] Pass GAFRB Exam – Real Questions & Answers [Q63-Q78]

Posted on March 6, 2026 By freedumps No Comments on [Mar-2026 Newly Released] Pass GAFRB Exam – Real Questions & Answers [Q63-Q78]
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[Mar-2026 Newly Released] Pass GAFRB Exam – Real Questions and Answers

Pass GAFRB Review Guide, Reliable GAFRB Test Engine

NEW QUESTION 63
If a capital project has an estimated life of 30 years, which financing method is designed to impose the cost of the project on the generation who benefits from it?

 
 
 
 
Serial bonds mature in installments over the life of the bond (e.g., every year or every few years). This structure allows the cost of repaying the debt to align more closely with the periods in which the capital asset is used – achieving intergenerational equity by spreading the cost over the same span as the asset’s useful life.
Term bonds, zero-coupon bonds, and pay-as-you-go do not align costs with benefits across multiple years in the same way.
Relevant References:
GFOA Best Practices – Debt Management and Capital Planning
GASB Concepts Statement No. 1 – Interperiod Equity
MSRB Educational Materials on Bond Types
A). 30-year serial bonds

NEW QUESTION 64
In state and local financial audits, material weaknesses must be reported to the

 
 
 
 
What Are Material Weaknesses?
* Amaterial weaknessin internal control is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies that creates a reasonable possibility of a material misstatement in the financial statements that would not be prevented or detected in a timely manner.
* In the context of state and local financial audits, material weaknesses must be reported to those charged with governance, as they are responsible for oversight and corrective actions.
Why Is the Governing Body the Correct Answer?
* Thegoverning body(e.g., city council, county board, or state commission) is directly responsible for overseeing the entity’s financial operations and ensuring accountability. Reporting material weaknesses to them ensures that corrective actions can be implemented to strengthen internal controls.
* Auditors communicate such findings through anaudit reportor amanagement letteraddressed to the governing body.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
* A. Legislature:The legislature may have oversight of state budgets and appropriations but is not the direct governing body for financial audits.
* C. Taxpayers:While transparency is important, material weaknesses are not directly reported to taxpayers. They may be disclosed in public audit reports, but taxpayers are not the primary audience.
* D. Local media:Material weaknesses are not formally reported to the media; their disclosure depends on the entity’s public reporting processes.
References and Documents:
* GAO Yellow Book (GAGAS):Requires auditors to report material weaknesses to those charged with governance.
* GASB (Governmental Accounting Standards Board):Emphasizes the importance of communicating significant audit findings to governing bodies.
* AICPA Audit Standards (AU-C 265):Requires auditors to communicate material weaknesses to management and those charged with governance.

NEW QUESTION 65
The capitalization of interest begins when all of the following conditions are met EXCEPT

 
 
 
 
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation:
Capitalization of interest begins when three conditions are met:
Expenditures for the asset have been made (i.e., costs are being incurred) Activities necessary to prepare the asset for use are in progress Interest cost is being incurred Signing a contract does not trigger capitalization – the actual incurrence of costs and activities must begin.
This rule is based on GAAP and FASB/GASB guidance for capital asset construction.
Relevant References:
GASB Statement No. 62 – Capitalization of Interest
FASB ASC 835-20 – Interest Capitalization
GFOA – Capital Asset Accounting Guidelines
A). the contract is signed for purchasing the asset

NEW QUESTION 66
Which of the following situations may cause contingent liabilities?

 
 
 
 
Comprehensive Detailed Explanation:
A contingent liability is a potential obligation that may arise depending on the outcome of a future event. A building containing asbestos represents a situation where a liability may be incurred if the asbestos must be removed due to safety regulations, public health concerns, or legal requirements.
Unlike realized losses (e.g., from asset sales or impairments), contingent liabilities depend on future events and uncertainty.
Relevant References:
FASAB SFFAS No. 5 – Accounting for Liabilities of the Federal Government GASB Statement No. 62 – Codification of Accounting and Financial Reporting Guidance GAO Red Book – Contingent Liabilities Examples B). building with asbestos

NEW QUESTION 67
The primary purpose of accumulating and reporting cost information is to O

 
 
 
 
The primary purpose of accumulating and reporting cost information-especially in government and nonprofit environments-is to support internal decision-making. Cost data help managers assess program efficiency, evaluate resource use, and make policy or operational decisions.
While external financial statements may incorporate summarized cost information, and stockholders and regulatory agencies may have interests in private-sector settings, the most direct and core purpose is to support management.
Relevant References:
FASAB SFFAS No. 4 – Managerial Cost Accounting Concepts and Standards
GFOA – Cost Accounting for Decision-Making
OMB Circular A-136 and A-11 (federal reporting objectives)
B). provide a means for management to assess decision performance

NEW QUESTION 68
OMB Circular A-136 requires that all of the following be included in an AFR EXCEPT

 
 
 
 
OMB Circular A-136 specifies the required components of the Agency Financial Report (AFR), which include:
A Message from the Head of the Agency
Management’s Discussion and Analysis (MD&A)
Financial Section (including statements and notes)
Other Information (e.g., improper payments, internal controls)
The Performance Section is not included in the AFR but is instead part of the alternative Performance and Accountability Report (PAR) or included separately in an Annual Performance Report (APR).
Relevant References:
OMB Circular A-136 – Financial Reporting Requirements (Section II)
GPRA Modernization Act of 2010
CFO Act of 1990
D). the performance section

NEW QUESTION 69
Purchase orders are issued in the amount of $427,000. The general ledger entry to record the encumbrance should be

 
 
 
 
When a government issues purchase orders, it records encumbrances to reflect commitments against appropriations. This helps track budgetary commitments and avoid overspending.
The entry is recorded in the budgetary accounts (not proprietary accounts) as follows:
Debit Encumbrances: Recognizes the commitment
Credit Budgetary Fund Balance (or Reserve for Encumbrances): Reflects that part of the fund balance is committed This is consistent with modified accrual accounting and standard governmental fund practice.
Relevant References:
GASB Codification Section 1300 – Budgetary Accounting
GFOA Best Practices – Encumbrance Accounting
GAO Principles of Appropriation Law – Encumbrance Controls
D). Debit Encumbrances $427,000; Credit Budgetary Fund Balance $427,000

NEW QUESTION 70
If an internal service fund needs to develop an hourly billing rate, the calculation should include

 
 
 
 
An internal service fund is used to account for goods or services provided by one department or agency to other departments or agencies of the governmental unit, typically on a cost-reimbursement basis.
To establish accurate billing rates (e.g., hourly rates), the fund must use actual costs of providing services.
This includes materials consumed, labor, depreciation, and overhead. Materials purchased but not used should not be included in the rate calculation for the current period.
Relevant Standards and References:
FASAB SFFAS No. 4, Managerial Cost Accounting
GASB Codification Section 1800, Internal Service Funds
GFOA Best Practices – Internal Service Fund Rate Setting
Therefore, Option A is correct.

NEW QUESTION 71
A state grant will reimburse a city for 40% of the architectural, construction and project management costs to build an annex to a city building. A city employee, who is paid salary and benefits of 510,000 a month, works half-time on the project for six months.
The city reports the following project budgeted and actual costs:
Purpose Budget Actual
Architectural fees $ 100.000 $ 90,000
Construction costs $10,500,000 $10,000,000
Based upon the above information, what is the amount of allowable costs that the state will reimburse the city on the grant?

 
 
 
 
First, we calculate total eligible project costs:
Eligible categories (architectural, construction, project management):
Architectural (actual): $90,000
Construction (actual): $10,000,000
Project management (city employee at 50% time for 6 months):
$10,000/month × 6 months × 50% = $30,000
Total eligible cost = $90,000 + $10,000,000 + $30,000 = $10,120,000
State reimburses 40% of eligible cost:
0.40 × $10,120,000 = $4,048,000
Relevant References:
OMB Uniform Guidance (2 CFR § 200) – Cost Principles
GFOA Best Practices – Grant Compliance
State grant agreements outlining cost-sharing requirements
A). $4,048,000

NEW QUESTION 72
Government, public, private and not-for-profit entities all share which common goal of financial reporting?

 
 
 
 
Despite differences in sector goals, all entities-public, private, nonprofit, or government-use financial reporting to provide information that assists stakeholders in making informed decisions.
While private-sector entities focus on profitability and governmental entities focus on accountability and stewardship, both require decision-useful financial data.
Relevant References:
FASAB SFFAC No. 1 – Objectives of Federal Financial Reporting
GASB Concepts Statement No. 1 – Objectives of Financial Reporting
FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 1
A). provide users with decision support

NEW QUESTION 73
Who is responsible for making apportionments and allotments?

 
 
 
 
In the federal budget execution process:
The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) makes apportionments. These divide appropriated funds into quarterly or program-specific portions to prevent premature spending.
Agencies then make allotments, which further subdivide apportioned funds internally by responsibility centers or programs.
Relevant References:
OMB Circular A-11 – Section 120: Apportionments
Treasury Financial Manual – Fund Control
GAO Red Book – Budget Execution Terminology
B). apportionments are made by OMB, agencies make allotments

NEW QUESTION 74
A government issues general obligation bonds at a premium. The associated amortization would be reported on the

 
 
 
 
When a government issues general obligation bonds at a premium, the premium is amortized over the life of the bond. Under the full accrual basis used in the government-wide financial statements (e.g., Statement of Activities), this amortization reduces the reported interest expense over time.
The fund financial statements (e.g., Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance) follow the modified accrual basis and generally do not account for amortization of bond premiums.
Relevant References:
GASB Statement No. 34 – Government-Wide Financial Reporting
GASB Statement No. 65 – Items Previously Reported as Assets and Liabilities GFOA – Debt Reporting Best Practices B). Statement of Activities as a component of interest expense

NEW QUESTION 75
An agency is developing a lee for services to cover all direct operating expenditures. Which of the following should be included in the fee calculation?

 
 
 
 
When an agency is developing a fee to recover costs for providing a service, it must calculate the full cost of the service. According to cost accounting standards for federal government operations, “full cost” includes:
Direct costs: staffing, supplies, materials directly used in service provision Indirect costs: facility costs (e.g., location rent), equipment depreciation, administrative support, etc.
OMB Circular A-25, “User Charges,” requires that user fees for government services be based on the full cost of providing that service unless otherwise mandated by law. Therefore, staffing (a direct cost), location rent (indirect cost), and equipment depreciation (a capital asset cost) are all appropriate to include.
Relevant Standards and References:
OMB Circular A-25, “User Charges,” Section 6(d): “Full cost includes all direct and indirect costs to any part of the Federal Government of providing a good, resource, or service.” FASAB SFFAS No. 4, Managerial Cost Accounting Concepts and Standards: Defines full cost components, including depreciation.
GAO “Principles of Federal Appropriations Law,” Red Book, Vol. I: Cost recovery practices in federal user fee settings.
Therefore, Option B is correct.

NEW QUESTION 76
A legally separate organization for which the elected officials of the primary government are financially accountable describes a

 
 
 
 
A component unit is a legally separate entity for which the elected officials of the primary government are financially accountable. This accountability may arise if the primary government:
Appoints a majority of the governing board, and
Is able to impose its will or has the potential to receive financial benefits or bear financial burdens.
Component units are reported in the financial statements of the primary government, either as blended or discretely presented entities.
Relevant Standards and References:
GASB Statement No. 14, The Financial Reporting Entity
GASB Statement No. 61, The Financial Reporting Entity: Omnibus
GASB Codification Section 2100: Defining the Financial Reporting Entity Therefore, Option B is correct.

NEW QUESTION 77
Congress plans to set up an activity within an agency that would:
* provide procurement services to other agencies;
* reimburse fees to the providing agency at a level that would cover the total estimated costs of the services.
The fees would be deposited in the providing agency’s accounts and would remain available until expended, to carry out the purposes of the fund. This arrangement describes a

 
 
 
 
A revolving fund is a fund established to finance a continuing cycle of operations where the receipts (e.g., fees or reimbursements) are used to finance future operations. These funds are usually self-sustaining and are designed to recover full costs of providing goods or services.
The described situation – an agency providing procurement services to other agencies and using collected fees to continue operations – is a classic example of an intragovernmental revolving fund (also called a working capital fund).
Relevant References:
OMB Circular A-11, Section 20 – Fund Classifications
GAO Glossary of Terms – Revolving Fund
FASAB SFFAS No. 7 – Revenue and Other Financing Sources
A). revolving fund

NEW QUESTION 78
GASB establishes standards through a

 
 
 
 
The Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) issues accounting standards after a structured due process that includes:
Publication of a Discussion Document (e.g., Preliminary Views)
Publication of an Exposure Draft
Solicitation and analysis of public comments (written/oral)
Deliberation by the full Board
A majority vote (not unanimous) of the GASB board members is required to approve and issue a final standard.
Relevant References:
GASB Rules of Procedure
GASB Due Process Manual
GASB Website – Standard-Setting Process
D). vote of the majority of board members, after discussing the written and oral comments offered by interested parties on an exposure draft of a statement of proposed standards

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